Study of biodiversity of Giridih District Jharkhand

The forests of Giridih are mostly over hills and undulating lands. Sal is the pioneer species in Giridih Division.These are found everywhere in tract but are nt so good and suffersfrom over exploitation. Due to repeated cutting the crop is severely destroyed and reached to sapling and rooted waste stage. The associates of Sal are Diospyrosmelanoxylon, Buchananialanzan, Anogeissuslatifolia, Adina cordifolia, Albizziasps, Aeglemarmelos,Emblicaofficinalis, Terminaliaspsetc. The common shrubs are woodfordiafruticosa, Phoenix sps, Helicteresisora, Nytanthesar bostristisetc. Phytosociological parameters such as frequency (70 to 130), Density (1.0 to 6.20), Abundance (1.43 to 5.64) varies between 13 different blocks of the district studied. Average value of richness for the trees present in the district was 1.63. Average value of evenness 8.46.The Shannon-Weiner biodiversity Index (H) is very realistic and popular among varied Bio diversity indices. The 5Ø;Ü value for district for tree is (4.13) and Simpson's Index (D) 0.0172. Among the mega fauna in district Elephants are prominent and it has not been a regular event of crop raiding and attacks on human. Stray incidences of crop raiding have been reported in some of the villages between 2015 to 2021. Total number of crop raiding has been 7 across the last six year in the Giridih Forest Division but attack on human life has not been reported. Creating waterholes in the forests will help in reducing incidences of animals moving to the non-forest area during summer seasons especially. Planting of bamboos in and around elephant corridors will help in reducing elephant menace in the farmers field.